TAXONOMY
Taxonomy is the science of naming and distinguishing the different organism that includes, animals, plants and microorganism all around the world. The target of this type of science is to break down all kind of organisms, showing the diversity of living things and to know why animals are considered so close to us in their history of evolution. It also provides essential understating about the factors of biodiversity which are necessary for use to know what to do for the conservation and the important use of it. There are 3 big domains and then it's classified into 6 kingdoms. Each organism is part of a species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain. |
Carolus Linneaus
Considered “Father of Taxonomy”, Carl Linnaeus was born on May 23 in 1707 in Sweden. He was one of the most important scientist of his time. His system of naming, ranking, and classifying is still use now this day, with some modifications. Because of his father, he started giving everything a name, but it all started with plants. Since he was little, he gave his time to learn as much as he could about naming. Carl’s tutor, Johan Svensson Rothman encourage him to study medicine. In 1728, after a year studying medicine in the University of Lund, Carl was transferred to Uppsala University. He studied the use of plants, minerals and animals. In 1735, after finishing his medical degree in the Netherlands at the University of Harderwijk, he published the first edition of his classification of living things, the Systema Naturae. Through out the years, Linnaeus met some of the greatest european botanists, continuing to revised Systema Naturae to develop his classification system.
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Binomial system of nomenclature
The Binomial System of Nomenclature is the official system that scientific use to classify organism by two scientific name. For example the Lagenorhynchus obliquidens, better known as the Pacific White Sided Dolphin. The first part of the scientific name is called Genus - Lagenorhynchus, and it's typically the name for a group of organisms that are closely related to each other. The second part of the scientific name is the species- obliquidens, and it's used to separate particular species from the rest of the organisms coming from the same genus. There are some rules for this system:
- The Genus is always written first, and the first letter is always capitalized (e.g. Lagenorhynchus)
- The Species is always written after, and must be in lower case (e.g. obliquidens)
- If you are typing the name, it should always be in italics, or if writing by hand, it should be underlined.
Sources'
- "What Is Taxonomy?" What Is Taxonomy? N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2016. <http://www.cbd.int/gti/taxonomy.shtml>
- "Carl Linnaeus." Carl Linnaeus. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2016. <http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/linnaeus.html>
- "Taxonomy | Biology." Encyclopedia Britannica. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2016. <http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/584695/taxonomy>